According to Vygotsky's theory, what is scaffolding?

Scaffolding, as explained in Vygotsky's theory, refers to the support and guidance that educators provide to students as they work to master new concepts and skills. This technique is designed to help learners achieve a level of understanding or competence that they may not be able to reach on their own, allowing them to gradually take on more responsibility for their learning.

The concept emphasizes the importance of using developmentally appropriate support, which can be adjusted as students gain confidence and proficiency. For example, a teacher might first demonstrate a new skill, then provide guided practice, and eventually allow the student to practice independently. This approach fosters independent learning as students gradually build their capabilities.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the essence of scaffolding. Enhancing reading speed, managing classroom behavior, and simplifying text focus on different aspects of education that do not capture Vygotsky’s notion of support in learning processes. Thus, the idea of scaffolding specifically highlights the strategic, temporary assistance that promotes learner independence and understanding.