What does Latin morphology refer to?

Latin morphology refers to the structure and meaning of words, making this choice the most comprehensive and accurate. Morphology is a linguistic term that deals with the formation and structure of words, including their root forms, prefixes, suffixes, and how these components contribute to the overall meaning of the word. Understanding Latin morphology allows one to analyze how different parts of a word come together to create specific meanings and relationships between them, which is especially important in the study of many languages influenced by Latin.

The other options, while related to language study, do not encompass the full scope of Latin morphology. Pronunciation deals with the way words are spoken rather than their construction or meaning, and focusing solely on root words or just the meanings of words disregards the complexities of word formation and the interplay between form and meaning that morphology studies.