What literary device is described as a reference to another work of literature, person, or event?

The literary device that is characterized by a reference to another work of literature, person, or event is known as an allusion. Allusions are often used to enhance meaning by drawing connections between the text at hand and other well-known stories, figures, or historical events, enriching the reader's understanding. For instance, if a character in a novel refers to "a Herculean task," it invokes the mythological figure Hercules, implying that the task is incredibly difficult.

This device relies on the reader's familiarity with the reference, enabling a deeper engagement with the text. The strength of an allusion lies in its ability to convey complex ideas through concise references, creating layers of meaning without lengthy explanations. This makes it a powerful tool for writers to invoke broader themes or emotional responses through shared cultural knowledge.