What term describes a reader's ability to recognize written words effortlessly?

The term that accurately describes a reader's ability to recognize written words effortlessly is word recognition. This skill reflects how quickly and accurately a reader can identify words as they encounter them in text. Effective word recognition is essential for building a foundation in reading because it allows readers to focus on understanding the meaning of the text rather than trying to decode each word individually.

While reading fluency, which is also mentioned, encompasses not only the speed and accuracy of word recognition but also the expression and pacing of reading, it specifically refers to the overall smoothness of reading, including comprehension. Phonetic awareness pertains to the ability to hear and manipulate sounds in words, which is a more foundational skill. Vocabulary comprehension involves understanding the meanings of words, which is a different aspect of reading altogether. In summary, word recognition specifically highlights the effortless identification of words, making it the correct choice.